Name: PiHue Creations
Address: 25/344 Ramraipur, Bhadohi Nagar Palika, Bhadohi, Uttar Pradesh, 221401, IN
Telephone: +91-80517-24365
Price range: $$

Abrash: Abrash is the deliberate or natural variation in dye colour across a rug, produced by using yarn from different dye lots or hand-dyed hanks — a signature of hand-dyed, hand-woven work rather than a defect.
Acid dye: Acid dyes are water-soluble dyes bonded to protein fibres (wool, silk) in an acidic bath — the workhorse chemistry for dyeing rug wool.
Ancient dyes: Ancient dyes are natural dyes with historical documentation — indigo, madder, weld, cochineal, walnut hull — used before synthetic dyes existed and still used for craft-heritage work today.
ARS 1400: ARS 1400 is an industry colour reference card of 1,400 shades widely used to specify custom rug colours; a lab dip is prepared against the ARS 1400 code the buyer supplies.
ASTM E648: ASTM E648 is the US standard test method for critical radiant flux of floor coverings — the fire-performance test that classifies a rug as Class I (0.45+ W/cm²) or Class II (0.22–0.45 W/cm²). Class I is typically required in US hotel corridors and exits.
Bamboo silk: Bamboo silk is a regenerated-cellulose viscose fibre spun from bamboo pulp with a silk-like sheen — a plant-derived material with the look of real silk at a gentler price.
Beat-up: Beat-up (or beating up) is the step in weaving where the weft is compressed against the previous row using a beater comb, tightening the structure and setting each row of knots or picks.
Berber: Berber refers to a family of North African rug styles, typically hand-knotted or hand-loomed, with tribal geometric motifs on an ivory ground; Beni Ourain and Boujaad are two well-known Berber rug traditions.
Bhadohi: Bhadohi is a district in Uttar Pradesh, India, historically the largest handmade-rug-producing cluster in the world and holder of the Geographical Indication (GI) tag for Bhadohi carpet.
Binding: Binding is the finishing stitch that seals the edges of a rug — over-serged, over-locked or hand-bound — keeping the perimeter from unravelling.
Border: Border is the framing band that surrounds the main design field of a traditional rug, usually a repeating motif such as boteh or floral trellis.
Boteh: Boteh is a curved teardrop or paisley motif that recurs across Persian and Indian rug design — the ancestor of the Western paisley pattern.
Broadloom: Broadloom is a wide-width woven carpet made in continuous rolls on a wide handloom — different from area rugs, and typically installed wall-to-wall.
BSCI: BSCI (Business Social Compliance Initiative) is a social-audit programme run by amfori, similar in scope to SMETA — some retailers accept BSCI in lieu of SMETA, others do not.
CAD (rug design): CAD in rug design is a digital drawing of the rug pattern converted into a knot map that weavers read at the loom.
Carding: Carding is the mechanical combing of raw fleece into aligned webs of fibre, removing debris and preparing the fibre for spinning into yarn.
CBP: CBP (US Customs and Border Protection) is the federal agency that clears imports at US ports of entry and enforces the Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act on textile imports.
Chain of custody: Chain of custody in rug certification is the documented paper-trail proving that a certified raw material (wool, recycled PET, cotton) travels through every processing stage — spinning, dyeing, weaving, finishing — without being substituted for uncertified material.
Chain stitch: Chain stitch is an edge-finishing technique used on many flatweaves and dhurries, forming a loop-in-loop chain along the border.
CIF: CIF (Cost, Insurance, Freight) is an Incoterm where the seller pays for shipping and marine insurance to the destination port; risk transfers to the buyer once cargo is loaded onto the vessel.
Cochineal: Cochineal is a natural red-to-crimson dye extracted from scale insects harvested from prickly-pear cactus; historically the most prized red dye for rug wool.
Coir: Coir is a coarse fibre extracted from coconut husks, used for entrance mats and rustic flatweaves; naturally water- and insect-resistant.
Colorway: Colorway is a specific palette a rug design is produced in; the same design can be issued in multiple colorways, each specified against Pantone references or shade cards.
Colour fastness: Colour fastness is the resistance of a dyed rug to fading or bleeding when exposed to rubbing (crocking), washing, light or sweat; tested to standards such as ISO 105.
Container 20ft / 40ft: A 20ft container holds ~28 cubic metres and typically 150–200 rolled handmade rugs of average size; a 40ft holds ~58 cubic metres. Exact fill depends on rug construction, size distribution and rolling versus folding.
Cotton warp: Cotton warp is the vertical thread structure most Indian hand-knotted rugs are built on — strong, stable, cheaper than wool warp and providing a flat backing.
Country of origin: Country of origin (COO) is the country a rug was made in, declared on the shipment and often marked on the rug label — legally significant for tariff and disclosure rules in the importing country.
CPSC 16 CFR 1630: CPSC 16 CFR 1630 is the US Consumer Product Safety Commission's Standard for Surface Flammability of Carpets and Rugs — the residential fire-safety baseline for rugs imported into the US.
Cradle-to-Cradle: Cradle-to-Cradle (C2C) is a certification framework rating a product against material health, material reutilisation, renewable energy, water stewardship and social fairness — rarely held on handmade rugs.
Crocking: Crocking is the transfer of dye from a rug to another surface through rubbing — dry crocking (dry cloth) or wet crocking (damp cloth). Tested as part of colour-fastness certification.
CSDDD: CSDDD (EU Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive) requires large in-scope companies to conduct human-rights and environmental due diligence across their supply chain; under Omnibus I (2026), information requests to SME suppliers must be limited to data already collected under Sedex, EcoVadis or industry certifications.
Cut pile: Cut pile is a construction where every pile knot or tuft is cut open at the top, producing a plush, uniform surface.
D65 / TL84 / A: D65, TL84 and A are the three standard illuminant references used inside a colour-matching light box — D65 simulates daylight (~6500K), TL84 simulates European store fluorescent, A simulates incandescent tungsten (~2856K). Comparing a lab-dip submission under all three catches metameric matches.
Dhurrie: Dhurrie is an Indian flatweave rug, traditionally woven from wool or cotton, without pile and typically reversible.
Dyer: Dyer is the specialist in the dye house who executes lab dips and production dyeing to the master recipe; on many floors the head dyer holds the recipe archive as personal knowledge.
Dyestuff: Dyestuff is the chemical or natural colouring agent used in a dye bath — reactive, acid, direct, vat, disperse, or natural — chosen by fibre type and target colour.
EN 13501: EN 13501-1 is the European harmonised fire-classification standard for construction products, including floor coverings; classes for floors run from A1FL (non-combustible) to FFL (untested), most rugs certifying as BFL, CFL or DFL after test.
EORI: EORI (Economic Operators Registration and Identification) is the unique identifier assigned to importers and exporters trading with the EU; the buyer's EORI number appears on customs declarations for EU-bound rugs.
EXW: EXW (Ex Works) is an Incoterm where the seller makes the goods available at their premises and the buyer arranges every step of onward transport, insurance and export clearance.
Fair Trade: Fair Trade is a certification framework focused on prices, working conditions and community premiums; less common on handmade rugs than GoodWeave, which is industry-specific.
Field: Field is the central area of a traditional rug design, framed by the border, on which the main motif sits.
Flatweave: Flatweave is a rug construction with no pile — the design lives entirely in the interlaced warp and weft. Dhurries and kilims are the classic flatweaves.
FOB: FOB (Free On Board) is an Incoterm where the seller delivers the goods loaded onto the vessel at the named port of shipment; risk and cost transfer to the buyer once the goods are on board. Common wording: 'FOB Nhava Sheva'.
Fringe: Fringe is the exposed ends of the warp threads at the top and bottom of a hand-knotted or hand-loomed rug — structural, not decorative.
Gabbeh: Gabbeh is a traditional tribal-style hand-knotted rug with bold geometric motifs and a thick, shaggy pile.
Geographical Indication (GI): Geographical Indication (GI) is a legal designation identifying goods as originating from a specific region with qualities attributable to that origin; Bhadohi carpet holds a GI tag in India.
GoodWeave: GoodWeave is an international certification programme that inspects looms — including subcontracted home looms — to verify that no child, forced or bonded labour is used; licence status is verifiable directly with GoodWeave International.
GRS: GRS (Global Recycled Standard) is a Textile Exchange certification verifying recycled content in a product (typically post-consumer PET, wool or nylon) plus environmental and social criteria at the processor. Transaction certificates travel with each shipment.
GSM: GSM stands for grams per square metre — the weight of pile material per square metre of rug, the most objective single measure of how much material a rug contains.
Hand-knotted: Hand-knotted describes a rug in which every knot is tied by hand around the warp threads on a loom — the most durable and valuable rug construction.
Hand-tufted: Hand-tufted describes a rug made by punching yarn through a stretched canvas with a tufting gun, then latexed and backed. Rich pile and detailed design at faster lead times than hand-knotted.
Handloom: Handloom describes a rug woven on a traditional loom, with pile inserted between rows of weft — a clean, refined construction without latex or backing.
Hank dyeing: Hank dyeing is the practice of dyeing loose skeins of yarn (hanks) rather than piece-dyeing a finished rug — the traditional and honest way to colour handmade rug yarn.
Heat-set yarn: Heat-set yarn is synthetic yarn treated with heat to lock its twist — used mostly in machine-made carpets, not traditional handmade rugs.
Hemp: Hemp is a bast fibre from Cannabis sativa, spun into a strong yarn used in flatweaves and durable natural-fibre blends; grows with minimal water and no pesticides.
Home loom: A home loom is a hand-knotting or hand-tufting loom located in a weaver's home rather than a central workshop — the traditional Bhadohi model, and where forced-labour risk in the industry historically concentrates. GoodWeave certification includes unannounced inspection of home looms in the network.
HS 5701: HS 5701 is the Harmonised System code for hand-knotted carpets; subheadings distinguish wool/silk/other. The US HTS extends HS with further digits for tariff classification.
HS 5702: HS 5702 is the Harmonised System code for woven carpets not tufted or flocked — the code for handloom and flatweave constructions.
HS 5703: HS 5703 is the Harmonised System code for tufted carpets — the code for hand-tufted rugs.
HTS: HTS (Harmonised Tariff Schedule) is the US extension of the HS code system, adding four digits to specify tariff rates. Every rug shipment to the US carries an HTS code on its entry.
Illuminant: Illuminant is the standard light spectrum a colour is measured against; D65 (daylight), TL84 (fluorescent) and A (incandescent) are the three most common used in textile light-boxes.
IMO 2010 FTP Code Part 2: The IMO 2010 FTP Code Part 2 is the International Maritime Organization's fire-performance test for surface flammability of textiles used in ships — the mandatory gate for carpet used in commercial vessels, and required by most yacht flag states.
Incoterms: Incoterms (International Commercial Terms) are the ICC-published rules defining who pays and bears risk for each step of a shipment; the eleven current terms include EXW, FCA, FAS, FOB, CFR, CIF, CPT, CIP, DAP, DPU, DDP.
Indigo: Indigo is a deep blue dye historically extracted from Indigofera plants, now often produced synthetically; the vat-dye chemistry (yarn is yellow in the vat and oxidises to blue in air) is the defining process.
ISO 9001:2015: ISO 9001:2015 is the international standard for quality management systems — a certified factory has documented processes for design control, incoming-material inspection, in-process control, final inspection, non-conformance handling and continuous improvement.
Jute: Jute is a rain-fed plant fibre grown in the Ganges delta, spun into a rustic yarn with visible slubs. Fully biodegradable and carbon-absorbing as a crop.
Kilim: Kilim is a traditional flatwoven rug from Turkey, Central Asia and Iran, produced with slit-weave or tapestry techniques.
Knot count (KPSI): Knot count, expressed as KPSI (knots per square inch), measures how many hand-tied knots fit in one square inch of a hand-knotted rug. Higher counts allow finer design detail.
Knot map: A knot map (also called a knot chart or naqsheh) is the scaled grid the weaver reads while working: one cell per knot, coloured or numbered to the shade required. The design is committed at the knot map, not at the CAD.
Lab dip: Lab dip is a small dyed yarn sample produced in the dye house and sent to the buyer for approval, proving the exact colour before bulk dyeing begins. Turnaround is around 10 days.
Latexing: Latexing is the application of a controlled latex layer to the back of a hand-tufted rug, locking the tufts in place before a secondary backing is applied.
LC: LC (Letter of Credit) is a banking instrument used to guarantee payment on export shipments — the importer's bank pays the exporter's bank once documents matching the LC's terms are presented.
LDPE: LDPE (Low-Density Polyethylene) is the moisture-resistant film in which finished rugs are wrapped for shipment; PiHue-standard packing is individually rolled rug inside LDPE, palletised where routing calls for it.
Light box: A light box is the enclosed cabinet used to compare a dyed submission against a colour reference under standardised illuminants (D65, TL84, A). Every lab dip is judged inside a light box before it goes to the buyer.
LkSG: LkSG (Lieferkettensorgfaltspflichtengesetz) is Germany's Supply Chain Due Diligence Act; German companies over 1,000 employees must document human-rights and environmental due diligence across their supply chain. Sedex/SMETA audit reports are the practical evidence supplier factories provide.
Loom: Loom is the frame on which a rug is woven — typically vertical for hand-knotted work, horizontal for many handloom constructions.
Loom width: Loom width is the internal width of a loom; it caps the maximum single-piece rug width. Hand-knotted vertical looms typically run 2.5–4.5 m; broadloom handlooms up to 5 m; wider rugs are woven in panels and seamed.
Loop pile: Loop pile is a construction where the pile yarn is looped rather than cut at the top — producing a more textural, matte surface.
Madder: Madder is a natural red dye extracted from the roots of Rubia tinctorum; the classic warm red of antique rugs — still used in natural-dye programmes today.
Master weaver: A master weaver is the senior weaver on the floor who sets up the first inches of a rug on a fresh loom, fixing the count so nothing drifts, then hands off to the team who completes the piece.
MED Wheelmark: The MED Wheelmark (Marine Equipment Directive) is the EU conformity mark required on equipment installed on EU-flagged ships; carpets carrying the Wheelmark have passed IMO 2010 FTP Code Part 2 through Notified-Body-supervised testing.
Medallion: Medallion is a central ornamental motif in classical Persian and Oriental rug designs, often surrounded by corner spandrels.
Metamerism: Metamerism is the phenomenon where two colours match under one light source and mismatch under another; the light-box comparison of a lab dip under D65, TL84 and A is designed to catch metameric matches before they leave the dye house.
MID code: MID (Manufacturer Identification) code is the CBP-issued eight-to-fifteen-character identifier attached to every US-bound textile shipment, encoding country, manufacturer name and city. PiHue supplies its MID with every US shipment; it never appears on the public site.
Modern Slavery Act: The UK Modern Slavery Act 2015 (s.54) requires commercial organisations above £36m turnover to publish an annual slavery and human trafficking statement; supplier audits (SMETA, GoodWeave) are the evidence that populates it.
MOQ: MOQ (Minimum Order Quantity) is the smallest quantity a manufacturer will accept for production, expressed in pieces, square metres or units per SKU. PiHue's MOQ is 1 piece.
Naqsheh: Naqsheh is the Persian term for a rug knot map — the coloured grid the weaver reads at the loom, one cell per knot.
Natural dye: Natural dyes are colouring agents extracted from plants (madder, indigo, weld), insects (cochineal, lac) or minerals — the exclusive chemistry before synthetic dyes existed, still used for craft-heritage rug programmes.
Non-slip backing: Non-slip backing is a friction layer applied to the underside of a rug to keep it from sliding on hard floors; also sold separately as a rug pad.
Notified Body: A Notified Body is an EU-designated independent laboratory or certifier authorised to test products against harmonised standards; witnessing tests to IMO FTP Code Part 2 for the MED Wheelmark is a Notified Body function.
Oeko-Tex: Oeko-Tex is a family of certifications for textile safety; the Standard 100 label proves every component of a rug has been laboratory-tested against banned azo dyes, formaldehyde, heavy metals and other harmful substances.
Overtufted: Overtufted describes a rug where extra tufts are inserted on top of a woven ground to add sculptural height or accent detail — a hand-carving cousin used decoratively.
Overtufting: Overtufting is inserting extra tufts of yarn on top of a woven surface to add height or accent detail.
Pantone TCX: Pantone TCX is the Pantone Textile Cotton eXtended reference system — cotton-dyed swatches used to specify textile colour; the more common of the two Pantone textile systems for rug yarn matching.
Pantone TPG: Pantone TPG is the Pantone Textile Paper Green reference — paper-printed swatches replacing the earlier TPX system, used to specify textile colour without dyeing a physical cotton chip.
Persian knot (Senneh): The Persian or Senneh knot is an asymmetric hand-tied knot where the yarn wraps around one warp and passes behind the other; allows finer detail than the Turkish knot.
PET yarn (recycled): PET yarn is polyester yarn made from recycled polyethylene terephthalate — typically post-consumer PET bottles. Certified under GRS.
Pile: Pile is the raised yarn surface of a rug that you walk on — created by knotting, tufting or inserting looped or cut yarn between rows of weft.
Pile crush: Pile crush is permanent flattening of the pile in traffic lanes; more common in low-density constructions, thicker pile heights and softer fibres. Denser hand-knotted piles resist it best.
Pile height: Pile height is the length of the pile yarn from base to tip, typically 6–15 mm on handmade rugs.
Pitch: Pitch is the density of warp threads across the width of the rug, expressed as knots or warps per unit length.
Ply: Ply is the number of individual yarn strands twisted together to form the final rug yarn.
Ply twist: Ply twist is the direction (S or Z) and turns-per-inch of the twist holding a multi-ply yarn together; ply twist affects pile firmness and how the rug wears.
Pot dyeing: Pot dyeing is small-batch dyeing of individual yarn hanks in a single pot — the traditional approach for special colours and small runs.
Prop 65: California Proposition 65 requires warnings on products sold in California that contain any of 900+ listed chemicals above threshold; some rugs (typically synthetic-backed or heavily-dyed) require the warning.
PU backing: PU (polyurethane) backing is a foam or firm layer applied under a rug for cushioning or dimensional stability; different from latex backing in chemistry and typically longer-lived.
REACH SVHC: REACH SVHC (Substances of Very High Concern) is the EU chemical regulation's list of substances requiring disclosure and, above threshold, authorisation; test reports confirming a rug is free of listed SVHCs are increasingly requested by EU buyers.
Reactive dye: Reactive dyes are dyes that form a covalent bond with cellulose fibres (cotton, viscose, tencel); the standard dye chemistry for cotton warp threads and viscose pile.
Recycled nylon: Recycled nylon (often marketed as ECONYL) is nylon regenerated from ocean and landfill waste — used in some contract-grade tufted rugs where nylon's abrasion resistance is needed.
REX: REX (Registered Exporter) is the EU / UK / Norway / Switzerland self-certification-of-origin system; a REX number allows an Indian exporter to issue statements of origin for GSP-preferential shipments without needing a certificate for each consignment.
Runner: Runner is a long, narrow rug typically used in hallways, kitchens or beside beds.
RWS: RWS (Responsible Wool Standard) is a Textile Exchange certification covering animal welfare, no mulesing, responsible land management and chain of custody from farm to finished product; each RWS shipment carries a transaction certificate.
Sample fee: A sample fee is a charge for producing a physical strike-off before bulk order; commonly deducted from the bulk invoice if the buyer proceeds. Sample-fee policy varies by manufacturer and programme.
Sedex: Sedex is the platform on which SMETA audit reports are hosted; a buyer with Sedex membership can access a supplier factory's SMETA audit report without an on-site visit.
Selvedge: Selvedge is the vertical finished edge of a rug where the wefts turn back and the rug is bound — the equivalent of a hem on fabric.
Serging: Serging is a machine-stitched edge finish that binds the perimeter of a rug with heavy thread — faster than hand-binding, common on tufted rugs.
Shade card: A shade card is a physical or digital reference of standard yarn colours a dye house has already produced and archived; ordering from a shade card skips the lab-dip stage.
Shearing: Shearing is the mechanical levelling of the pile to a uniform height as part of finishing.
Shedding: Shedding is the loss of loose surface fibre from a new wool rug in the first weeks to months of use — normal and self-limiting.
Shuttle: Shuttle is the wooden tool that carries weft yarn back and forth across the warp on a handloom.
Sisal: Sisal is a plant fibre from the agave plant, spun into a coarse durable yarn used mostly in flatweave rugs.
Sizing (yarn): Sizing is a starch or synthetic coating applied to warp yarn to strengthen it against the friction of weaving; washed out during rug finishing.
Slit-tapestry weave: Slit-tapestry weave is a flatweave technique where colour blocks meet at a vertical slit in the fabric — the classic kilim structure; slits are left open or later stitched shut.
SMETA: SMETA (Sedex Members Ethical Trade Audit) is an on-site social-compliance audit against four pillars: labour standards, health and safety, environment, business ethics. Reports live on the Sedex platform for buyer due diligence.
Space dyeing: Space dyeing is dyeing sections of a yarn hank in different colours so the finished yarn creates a mottled pile.
Stretching: Stretching is the finishing step of pinning and pulling a washed rug to true its shape to the specified dimensions.
Strike-off: Strike-off is a physical rug sample produced from an approved CAD, sent to the buyer for approval before bulk production — typically 15 days.
Sub-contracted weaving: Sub-contracted weaving is production carried out on looms outside the primary factory, often in weavers' homes; GoodWeave certification specifically inspects subcontracted looms to close the forced-labour gap this creates.
Subheading (HS): A subheading is the six-digit level of the HS code (e.g. 5701.10 for hand-knotted rugs of wool); further digits are added by national tariff schedules (HTS for the US).
Superwash wool: Superwash wool is wool treated to remove scales from the fibre surface so it can be machine-washed without felting; not typically used for hand-knotted rugs, common in machine-tufted.
Tannic mordant: A tannic mordant is a tannin-rich pre-treatment (often oak gall or myrobalan) used to fix natural dyes onto protein fibres before the dye bath — an ancient dyer's step.
Tencel: Tencel is a lyocell fibre made from wood pulp (typically eucalyptus), with a silk-like sheen and low environmental impact production process.
Textile Exchange: Textile Exchange is the non-profit body that owns and licenses the RWS (wool) and GRS (recycled) standards; certifier scope certificates are searchable through Textile Exchange's public register.
Indo-Tibetan knot: The Indo-Tibetan knot is tied around a rod inserted horizontally on the warp; when the rod is pulled out the loops open, producing a distinctive pile.
TPX/TCX (Pantone): TPX and TCX are the Pantone colour reference codes used for textiles (TPX printed, TCX cotton). Rug yarn is dyed to match a given TPX or TCX reference through lab dips.
Transaction certificate: A transaction certificate is a document issued by a certifier (e.g. Textile Exchange for RWS/GRS) attesting that a specific shipment of certified material moved from one certified party to another; travels with the shipment as proof of chain of custody.
TT / wire: TT (Telegraphic Transfer) or wire transfer is the direct bank-to-bank payment mechanism used for most rug export payments; typical rug-trade terms are staged (deposit / strike-off / balance) rather than single-payment.
Tufting gun: Tufting gun is the hand-held tool used to punch yarn through the canvas backing in hand-tufted rug construction.
Turkish knot (Ghiordes): The Turkish or Ghiordes knot is a symmetric hand-tied knot that wraps around two warp threads — more robust than the Persian knot at lower knot counts.
Tussah silk: Tussah silk is a wild silk produced by silkworms feeding on oak leaves rather than mulberry; coarser and warmer in tone than mulberry silk, used more often for slub-textured pile.
UFLPA: UFLPA (Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act) is US law effective 2022 that presumes goods produced in or with inputs from Xinjiang, China involve forced labour and blocks their import unless the importer proves otherwise — hence CBP scrutiny of cotton origin on textile shipments.
Vat dye: Vat dye is an insoluble dye reduced to a soluble leuco form in an alkaline bath, applied to the fibre, then oxidised back to the coloured insoluble form on the fibre; indigo is the classic vat dye.
Viscose: Viscose is a regenerated-cellulose fibre spun from wood pulp or bamboo pulp, with a silk-like sheen. Sensitive to moisture.
Warp: Warp is the set of parallel threads strung vertically on the loom, around which knots are tied or through which wefts are woven.
Warp beam: Warp beam is the horizontal roller at the top of a hand-knotted loom that stores the length of warp yarn; the woven rug is wound onto a matching roller at the bottom as work advances.
Weaver: Weaver is the person who ties knots or inserts pile on the loom; hand-knotted work is typically shared across a team over months, with the master weaver setting the count.
Weft: Weft is the yarn that runs horizontally across the loom, interlacing with the warp and bedding each row of knots or forming the flatweave surface.
Weft-faced: A weft-faced weave is a flatweave where the weft yarn covers the warp entirely, forming the visible surface; the design lives in the coloured wefts.
Wheelmark: Wheelmark is the shorthand for the MED (Marine Equipment Directive) conformity mark — a wheel symbol shown on equipment certified for installation on EU-flagged ships.
Whip stitch: Whip stitch is a hand-sewn edge finish using thick yarn wrapped around the rug perimeter; the traditional finish for kilims and dhurries where the machine-serged edge would look out of place.
Wool (NZ vs Indian): New Zealand wool is longer-staple, whiter and finer, ideal for pastel palettes and whites; Indian wool is shorter-staple, springier and more resilient, ideal for body and value. Many qualities blend both deliberately.
Yarn count: Yarn count is the specification of a yarn's thickness, expressed in various count systems depending on the fibre — a higher count typically means a finer yarn.
Yarn spinning: Yarn spinning is the twisting of prepared fibre (carded fleece, ginned cotton, retted jute) into a continuous yarn; can be done by hand-spindle, wheel or mechanical spinning frame.
Åpenhetsloven: Åpenhetsloven (the Norwegian Transparency Act) requires larger Norwegian businesses to conduct due diligence and publish an account of how they address adverse human-rights impacts across their supply chain; Sedex/SMETA audit reports are the standard evidence.

Rug words, plainly defined.

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